Understanding E-COLI

The 7 main differences between bacteria and eukaryotic cells.

1. Bacteria are prokaryotes, eukaryote cells are not.

2. eukaryotes 10 times size of bacteria.

3. All bacterai are single cells.

4. Bacteria chromosomes consist of a single circular piece of DNA.

5. Bacteria reproduce by binary fission.
6. Bacterial flagella are simple structures composed of a single fiber of protein.

7. Bacteria have many metabolic abilities, that animal cells dont.

Coccus Bacillus Spirillum

Doctors use the Dye staining technique to figure out how to treat patients for bacterial infections.

Conjuration- A process in which two organisms exchange genetic material.

Parts of a cell

Nucleus-Organelle that houses the DNA of eukaryotic cells.

Mitochondrian-Organelle that produces much of the atp made by a eukaryotic cell.

Cell membrane-Lipid bilayer with emmbeded proteins that encloses the cytoplam.

Ribosomes-Organelle on which proteins are made.

Golgi apparatus-Organelle that packages and distributes molecules produced by a eukaryotic cell.

Endoplasmic reticulum-Cell membranes in the cytoplam that transport substances made by the cell.

Lysosome-Organelle in a eukaryotic cell that contains digestive enzymes.

Central vacoule-Membranebound cavity in plant cells used for storage.

Chloroplast-Organelle that uses light engry to make carbohydrates from carbon dioxide and water.

Cellwall-The structure that surrounds the cell membrane and providessupport for the cell.

Glossary

Biology- The study of life.

Cell- Highly organized, tiny structures with thin coverings called membranes.

Reproduction- The process by which organisms make more of their own kind.

Metabolism- The sum of all the chemical reactions carried out in an organism.

Homeostasis- Thre maintenance of stable internal conditions in spite of changes in the external environment.

Gene- Sets of inhereted instructions for making protiens.

Heredity- The passing of traits from parent to offspring.

Mutation- A change in the DNA of a gene.

Evolution- Change in the inherited traits of a species changes over time.

Species- A group of genetically similar organisms that can produce fertil offspring.

Natural Selection- Organisms with favorable genes are more likely to survive and reproduce.

Ecology- The science that studies the interactions of living organisms with one another and with the non-living part of their environment.

Observation- The act of noting or perceiving objects or events using the senses.

Hypothesis- An explanation that might be true-a statement that can be tested.

Prediction- The expected outcome of a test.

pH- A relative measure of the hydrogen ion concentration within a solution.

Expirement- A planned prcedure to test a hypothesis.

Control group- A group in an expirement that recieves no expiremental treatment.

Independant variable- The factor that is varied in an expirement.

Dependant variable- The variable that is measured in an expirement.

Theory- A set of related hypotheses that have been tested and confimed many times by many scientists.